[{"@context":"https:\/\/schema.org\/","@type":"Article","@id":"https:\/\/www.isale.cz\/historie-penez\/#Article","mainEntityOfPage":"https:\/\/www.isale.cz\/historie-penez\/","headline":"Historie pen\u011bz","name":"Historie pen\u011bz","description":"·        D\u0159\u00edve jsme \u017e\u00e1dn\u00e9 pen\u00edze neznali a vlastn\u011b ani nepot\u0159ebovali. K \u010demu by n\u00e1m tak\u00e9 byli kusy pap\u00edr\u016f nebo kov\u016f? Sm\u011b\u0148ovalo se j\u00eddlo, zbran\u011b, ko\u017ee\u0161iny, prost\u011b","datePublished":"2019-11-09","dateModified":"2023-05-25","author":{"@type":"Person","@id":"https:\/\/www.isale.cz\/author\/#Person","name":"","url":"https:\/\/www.isale.cz\/author\/","identifier":1,"image":{"@type":"ImageObject","@id":"https:\/\/secure.gravatar.com\/avatar\/dac37d998cdbc92cc7ee5d23d4d689a369122af40c5450007470acab45b61d68?s=96&d=mm&r=g","url":"https:\/\/secure.gravatar.com\/avatar\/dac37d998cdbc92cc7ee5d23d4d689a369122af40c5450007470acab45b61d68?s=96&d=mm&r=g","height":96,"width":96}},"publisher":{"@type":"Organization","name":"isale.cz","logo":{"@type":"ImageObject","@id":"\/logo.png","url":"\/logo.png","width":600,"height":60}},"image":{"@type":"ImageObject","@id":"https:\/\/www.isale.cz\/wp-content\/uploads\/img_a360941_w3905_t1574510733.jpg","url":"https:\/\/www.isale.cz\/wp-content\/uploads\/img_a360941_w3905_t1574510733.jpg","height":0,"width":0},"url":"https:\/\/www.isale.cz\/historie-penez\/","about":["Pen\u00edze"],"wordCount":522,"articleBody":"·        D\u0159\u00edve jsme \u017e\u00e1dn\u00e9 pen\u00edze neznali a vlastn\u011b ani nepot\u0159ebovali. K \u010demu by n\u00e1m tak\u00e9 byli kusy pap\u00edr\u016f nebo kov\u016f? Sm\u011b\u0148ovalo se j\u00eddlo, zbran\u011b, ko\u017ee\u0161iny, prost\u011b ve\u0161ker\u00e9 produkty zase za jin\u00e9 produkty, nap\u0159\u00edklad bobule za jablka.\t·        D\u0159\u00edve jako pen\u00edze slou\u017eili mu\u0161le, slonovina, k\u016f\u017ee, dobytek, pl\u00e1tno a dal\u0161\u00ed v\u011bci.\t·        Pen\u00edze k n\u00e1m p\u0159i\u0161li a\u017e s rozvojem pastevectv\u00ed a zem\u011bd\u011blstv\u00ed, kdy vznikali prvn\u00ed p\u0159ebytky produkt\u016f.\t·        V\u0161echny n\u00e1rody sv\u011bta v n\u011bjak\u00e9 form\u011b zavedli platidlo, ale v\u00fdjimkou se stali jihoameri\u010dt\u00ed Inkov\u00e9.\t·        Dalo by se \u0159\u00edci, \u017ee pen\u00edze jsou univerz\u00e1ln\u00ed produkt, kter\u00fd m\u016f\u017eeme sm\u011bnit za v\u0161echny ostatn\u00ed produkty (zbo\u017e\u00ed).\t·        V letech 9000-6000 p\u0159ed n. l. byli pen\u00edze, kter\u00e9 vedli od dobytka p\u0159es ovce a\u017e k velbloud\u016fm, rozvoj zem\u011bd\u011blstv\u00ed p\u0159inesl novou formu pen\u011bz a to p\u0159ev\u00e1\u017en\u011b obil\u00ed.\t\t·        Okolo 1200 p\u0159ed n. l. bylo star\u00fdmi \u010c\u00ed\u0148any pou\u017e\u00edv\u00e1no asi nejroz\u0161\u00ed\u0159en\u011bj\u0161\u00ed platidlo a to kor\u00e1lov\u00e9 mu\u0161le. Pozd\u011bji za\u010dali \u010c\u00ed\u0148an\u00e9 vyr\u00e1b\u011bt bronzov\u00e9 napodobeniny mu\u0161l\u00ed, kter\u00e9 pou\u017e\u00edvali jako nov\u00e9 platidlo a o 500 let pozd\u011bji se objevili i u n\u00e1s v Evrop\u011b. \u010c\u00ed\u0148an\u00e9 za\u010dali tak\u00e9 pou\u017e\u00edvat platidla z k\u016f\u017ee, byli to kousky o velikosti dlan\u011b z b\u00edl\u00e9 jelen\u00ed k\u016f\u017ee.\t·        Poprv\u00e9 byli z\u00e1znamy o pap\u00edrov\u00fdch pen\u011bz\u00edch asi z roku 806 n. l. a vymysleli je \u010c\u00ed\u0148an\u00e9, kte\u0159\u00ed se inspirovali kousky ko\u017een\u00fdch platidel.  Mezi 9. a 15. Stolet\u00edm n\u00e1s o pen\u011bz\u00edch informoval Marco Polo.\t·        Okolo roku 1455 z \u010c\u00edny pen\u00edze miz\u00ed kv\u016fli finan\u010dn\u00edm bankrot\u016fm a nadm\u011brn\u00fdm emis\u00edm.\t·        Dne\u0161n\u00ed forma pen\u011bz: Dnes m\u00e1me mince a pap\u00edrov\u00e9 bankovky vyd\u00e1van\u00e9 jednotliv\u00fdmi st\u00e1ty. Centr\u00e1ln\u00ed banka m\u00e1 vyhrazen\u00e9 pr\u00e1vo razit mince a tisknou bankovky. Kdokoliv jin\u00fd by se o toto pokusil, provedl by trestn\u00ed \u010din a byl za n\u011bj potrest\u00e1n. Pad\u011bl\u00e1n\u00ed bankovek je p\u0159\u00edsn\u011b zak\u00e1z\u00e1no a trest\u00e1no. Ka\u017ed\u00fd st\u00e1t m\u00e1 sv\u00e9 platidlo a v tabulce si jich p\u00e1r vyjmenujeme.\t\tSt\u00e1t a jeho m\u011bna\t\t\t\t\tSt\u00e1t\t\t\t\t\tM\u011bna\t\t\t\t\t\u010cesko\t\t\t\t\t\u010cesk\u00e1 koruna\t\t\t\t\tAl\u017e\u00edrsko\t\t\t\t\tAl\u017e\u00edrsk\u00fd din\u00e1r\t\t\t\t\tIndie\t\t\t\t\tIndick\u00e1 rupie\t\t\t\t\tMaroko\t\t\t\t\tMarock\u00fd dirham\t\t\t\t\tMongolsko\t\t\t\t\tMongolsk\u00fd tugrik\t\t\t\t\tSenegal\t\t\t\t\tCFA frank\t\t\t\t\tZambie\t\t\t\t\tZambijsk\u00e1 kwacha\t\t\t\t\t\u0160pan\u011blsko\t\t\t\t\tEuro\t\t\t\t\tLoty\u0161sko\t\t\t\t\tEuro\t\t\t\t\tSlovensko\t\t\t\t\tEuro\t\t\t\t\tRakousko\t\t\t\t\tEuro\t\t\t\t\tPortugalsko\t\t\t\t\tEuro\t\t\t\t\tNizozemsko\t\t\t\t\tEuro                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                        3.4\/5 - (12 votes)        "},{"@context":"https:\/\/schema.org\/","@type":"BreadcrumbList","itemListElement":[{"@type":"ListItem","position":1,"name":"Historie pen\u011bz","item":"https:\/\/www.isale.cz\/historie-penez\/#breadcrumbitem"}]}]